4种不同品系广西莪术挥发油的比较

Comparative Study on Volatile Oil in Four Different Species of Curcuma Kwangsiensis

目的:对4种不同品系广西莪术药材的性状、挥发油含量和成分进行分析比较。方法:观察4种不同品系广西莪术药材性状,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取其挥发油,运用GC-MS法分析其成分,按峰面积归一化法计算各化合物在挥发油中的相对百分含量。结果:不同品系广西莪术形状分别为纺锤形、卵圆形、类球形、圆锥形,断面颜色有黄色、浅黄色2种,断面粘性有强、弱2种,纵切面长为5.1~8.4 cm,横切宽为3.9~6.2 cm,挥发油颜色有淡黄色、棕色、淡紫色3种,挥发油得油率0.60%~1.10%。从B61中鉴定了21个成分,占挥发油总含量的84.06%,从B91中鉴定了12个成分,占挥发油总含量的30.35%,从B92中鉴定了17个成分,占挥发油总含量的39.76%,从B97中鉴定了19个成分,占挥发油总含量的60.91%,4种不同品系广西莪术有4个共有成分。结论:4种不同品系广西莪术不仅在药材性状存在一定差异,挥发油含量和成分也存在一定的差异,本研究结果可为广西莪术新品种选育及药材质量控制提供参考。

Objective:To analyze the traits,volatile oil content and composition of four different strains of Curcuma kwangsiensis.Methods:The traits of four different strains of Curcuma kwangsiensis medicinal herbs were observed.The volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation.The components were analyzed by GC-MS.The relative percentage of each compound in volatile oil was calculated according to the peak area normalization method.Results:The shapes of different strains of Curcuma kwangsiensis were spindleshaped,oval,spheroidal and conical.The cross-section color was yellow and light yellow.The cross-section viscosity was strong and weak,and the longitudinal section length was 5.1-8.4 cm.The width was 3.9-6.2 cm,and the color of volatile oil was light yellow,brown and lavender,and the oil yield was 0.60%-1.10%.From the B61,21 components were identified,accounting for 84.06%of the total volatile oil content.Totally 12 components were identified from the B91,accounting for 30.35%of the total volatile oil content.Totally 17 components were identified from the B92,accounting for 39.76%of the total volatile oil content.Totally 19 components were identified from the B97,accounting for 60.91%of the total volatile oil content.There were 4 common components in 4 different strains of Curcuma kwangsiensis.Conclusion:There are some differences in the traits of four different strains of Curcuma kwangsiensis sinensis.There are some differences in the content and composition of volatile oil.The results of the study can provide reference for the breeding of new cultivars and the quality control of Curcuma kwangsiensis medicinal materials.