1949—1950年新中国生产救灾的地方实践——以山东省五莲县为例

Local Practice of Production and Disaster Relief in New China from 1949 to 1950——A Case Study of Wulian County,Shandong Province

生产救灾是1949—1950年新中国受灾地区党和政府的中心工作。党和政府强调恢复和发展农业生产是救灾的根本办法。为此,山东省五莲县在冬季因地制宜,重点开展固定代耕和积肥运动,进行了充分的春耕准备;春季则推广良种,及时发放救济粮和贷放贸易粮,保障了农业生产顺利进行。在1949—1950年的生产救灾工作中,党和政府发挥着组织领导作用,采取了积极的救灾方式,既有力地解决了劳动力、畜力不足等问题,又有效地防治了病虫害,从而最终保证了土地适时耕种,迎来了农业丰收。

Production and disaster relief was the central work of the Party and the Government in the disaster-stricken areas of New China from 1949 to 1950.The Party and the Government emphasized that the recovery and development of agricultural production was the fundamental method of disaster relief.Therefore,according to local conditions,Wulian County of Shandong Province focused on carrying out the campaign of fixed cultivation and collecting manure and made full preparations for spring farming in winter,promoting improved varieties,timely issuing relief grain and loan trade grain to ensure the smooth progress of agricultural production in spring.In the production and disaster relief work from 1949 to 1950,the Party and the Government played a leading role in organizing and adopting a positive way of disaster relief,which not only solved the problems of insufficient labor force and animal power,but also effectively prevented and controlled diseases and insect pests,so as to ensure the timely cultivation of the land and ushered in the agricultural harvest.