疫情防控中征用对征收规范的借鉴--以甲市征用乙市口罩事件为例

Reference of Requisition to Expropriation Norms in Epidemic Prevention and Control:From the Perspective of A City Requisitioning Masks of B City

行政征用是对财产使用权的剥夺,行政征收是对财产所有权的剥夺。如果被征用的财产是一次性使用的物品,使用后无法返还或者返还根本没有意义,征用就应转化为征收,即形式上是征用,法律效果上是征收。征收、征用的对象是"公民的私有财产",一个政府机构不能征用另一个政府机构的财产,只能请求另一个政府机构支援。征收和征用的程序有一定的联系,征用程序大体上是简化征收程序的结果,但不能违背正当程序的基本价值。征用对应的政府义务首先是返还被征用物品,其次是损失补偿。补偿的损失包括财产被征用期间的使用权损失和被征用财产毁损、灭失的损失。

Requisition is the deprivation of the right to use of property,while expropriation is the deprivation of the title to property.If the requisitioned property is disposable,it can’t be returned after use,or it is meaningless to return,and requisition is converted into expropriation.That is requisition in form,but expropriation in legal effect.The object of expropriation and requisition is "private property of citizens".One government agency can’t requisition the property of another government agency,but can only request another government agency to provide support.The expropriation and requisition procedures have roughly the same background.The requisition procedures are generally the result of simplifying the expropriation procedures,and it can’t violate the basic value of due process.The corresponding government obligation of requisition is firstly to return the requisitioned property and secondly to compensate for the loss.The loss of compensation includes the loss of the right to use during the period of requisition,and the loss of damage or destruction of the requisitioned property.