财政分权视角下地方政府高等教育投入的竞争效应分析

Competitive Effect of Local Government Investment in Higher Education from the Perspective of Fiscal Decentralization

从财政分权视角,使用2010—2016年省级数据,采用空间面板计量方法对地方政府高等教育投入可能存在的竞争效应进行分析;进一步采用数据包络分析方法探讨地方高等教育投入的产出效率。研究表明,由于财政分权体制下高等教育领域存在中央与地方"委托-代理"关系,在本地区经济发展需要和外部政策影响下,临近地区的高等教育投入会影响地方政府决策,导致支出竞争;支出规模增长带来的产出效率总体维持在较高水平,但增长趋势在2014年后有所放缓。为引导地方政府合理竞争,应加强高等教育财政支出绩效考核;加快地方政府教育财政治理能力建设;重视中央政府在高等教育领域的投入责任;强化高等教育内涵式发展。

From the perspective of fiscal decentralization,using the provincial data from 2010 to 2016,this paper analyses the possible competitive effects of local government investment in higher education;further,it discusses the output efficiency of local higher education investment.The research shows that due to the"principalagent"relationship between the central government and the local government in the field of higher education under the fiscal decentralization system,the local government will take the situation of higher education investment in the neighboring areas into consideration when making decisions,which will lead to the expenditure competition among the local governments;the output efficiency brought by the growth of the scale of expenditure is generally maintained at a high level,but the growth trend has slowed down after 2014.The central government should strengthen the efficiency assessment of higher education financial expenditure and the expenditure responsibility in higher education.Governments at all levels should promote the educational financial governance capacity and pay attention to the connotative development of higher education.