“谁”左右了高校教师的教学、科研选择——基于“能力”的认知而非“功利”的取向

What Influences the Teaching and Research Choice of University Teachers:Choice Based on“Ability”Rather than“Utility”

院校对教学、科研重视程度的差异往往是"重科研、轻教学"的一个普遍解释。少有研究讨论高校教师在研究生阶段的教学、科研训练对其教学、科研选择的影响。利用"亚洲学术职业变革调查"对我国28所公立高校的2744位高校专任教师的抽样调查数据,通过路径分析的方法,研究了高校教师在研究生阶段受到的教学、科研训练及其对高校教师教学、科研的兴趣,工作投入以及科研产出的影响。结果发现:尽管我国高校"重科研、轻教学"的现象的确存在,但真正影响高校教师教学、科研选择的,更多的是基于"能力"认知的高校教师在研究生阶段接受的教学、科研训练的质量,而非基于"功利"的院校是否重视。拥有科研绝对和比较优势的教师,有着更高的科研兴趣,继而有着更多的科研投入,最终促进了其科研产出。

The difference in the emphasis on teaching and research in universities is often a common explanation of emphasis on research and less emphasis on teaching.Few studies discussed the influence of university teachers’postgraduate teaching and research training on their teaching and research choice.I used the sample survey data of 2744 full-time teachers of 28 public universities in China from the 2012 Asian Academic Career Change Survey,using the path analysis method to analyze the teaching and research training of university teachers in the graduate education,and their influence on the teaching-research interest,work investment and research output.The results show that although the phenomenon of valuing scientific research above teaching work does exist in China’s universities,what really affects the teaching and research choice is actually the relative quality of teaching and research training that teachers received from graduate education.Teachers with absolute and comparative advantages in research are more interested in research,and invest more time in research,and ultimately publish more papers.