上海市第三方公共卫生监督技术服务机构能力现况调查

Investigation on current capabilities of third-party technical services working for public health supervision in Shanghai

目的调查上海市第三方公共卫生监督技术服务机构能力现况,分析存在的主要问题及影响因素,为政府制定机构规范化管理政策提供科学依据。方法2019年8月,通过问卷调查与现场访谈的方式,调查了2019年1-6月为上海市公共卫生监督提供技术服务的39家第三方机构的建设规模、人员构成、检测能力及技术服务开展情况等。结果39家被调查机构中,56.4%的机构总建筑面积为1000~2000 m^2,87.2%的机构总人数在100人以内,89.8%的机构检测设备总数在500台(套)以内。第三方机构公共卫生领域业务总量呈逐年递增趋势,业务领域相对集中,公共场所、集中空调、生活饮用水检测是卫生监督技术服务的重点,报告数量占比达86.2%。部分领域在检测能力方面存在欠缺。专业技术人员中本科及以下学历占比91.2%,初级和无职称人员占比69.9%,卫生专业人员占比18.5%。结论公共卫生监督技术服务机构能力有待提升,围绕监督执法和应急监测所需,重点提升行业风险识别和监控能力;人力资源构成和能力存在短板,需完善技术人才遴选、培养及评估制度,优化专业技术人员构成,提升队伍素质;强化数据质量管理,通过构建技术服务监督检测数据平台,加强服务规范化和数据标准化管理,实现跨领域信息互通共享;加强行业自律,推进信用管理,规范市场秩序。

Objective To investigate the current capabilities of third-party technical services working for public health supervision in Shanghai and to analyze the main existing problems and influencing factors thereof so as to provide scientific bases for the formulation of policies by the government regarding standardized management of such technical services.Methods In August 2019,investigations were implemented by means of questionnaire surveys and on-site interviews to know the construction scales,personnel composition,testing capacities and technical service operations etc.of the 39 third-party technical services working for public health supervision in Shanghai from January to June in 2019.Results Among the 39 technical services surveyed,56.4%thereof had a gross floor area of 1000-2000 square meters,87.2%thereof had a total number of employees of less than 100 persons,and 89.8%thereof had a total number of less than 500 sets of testing equipment.The total business volume of the third-party technical services in the public health field showed an increasing trend on a yearly basis,and their business activities remained relatively focused;the inspections for public places,central air-conditioning and drinking water were the key technical service work for the technical services working for health supervision,accounting for 86.2%of all their technical service work.In some areas there existed lacks of testing capabilities.Among all the professional technical personnel,91.2%thereof had bachelor degrees or below,69.9%thereof had junior or no professional titles and 18.5%thereof were health professionals.Conclusion The capabilities of the technical services working for public health supervision needs to be improved by focusing on the needs of supervisory law enforcement and emergency monitoring,and by focusing on enhancing the capabilities of identifying risks in the industry as well as supervision.There exist weaknesses in terms of the composition and capability of human resources;it is necessary to improve the selection,training and evaluation systems for technical talents,optimize the composition of professional technical personnel,and improve the team quality.The data quality management should be strengthened;the service standardization and data standardization should be strengthened by establishing supervision and testing data platforms for technical services,thus achieving the cross-disciplinary information interoperability and sharing.It is necessary to strengthen self-discipline of the industry,promote credit management and standardize the market order.