三甲医院护士创伤暴露及创伤后成长现状与影响因素

Status quo and influencing factors of traumatic exposure and post-traumatic growth of nurses in 3A grade hospitals

目的:了解三甲医院护士创伤暴露及创伤后成长现状,分析影响创伤后成长的主要因素。方法:采用便利抽样法选取1062名三甲医院护士,并使用一般资料调查表、创伤暴露调查表、创伤后成长量表进行问卷调查。结果:护士创伤暴露率居前三位的是:工作暴力(68.36%)、自然灾害(49.34%)、严重受伤/大手术/危及生命的疾病(37.10%);护士创伤后成长总分为(57.16±21.53)分;不同年龄、婚姻状况、子女状况、睡眠时间和职称的护士创伤后成长得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);多元线性逐步回归分析显示,工作满意度、睡眠质量、子女情况、工作时长、睡眠时间和体育锻炼是影响护士创伤后成长的主要因素(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:护士职业群体面临着多种创伤暴露,创伤后成长处于低水平。高工作满意度、良好睡眠质量、有子女、较短工作时长、充足睡眠时间和积极体育锻炼可以促进创伤后成长。

Objective: To understand the status quo of traumatic exposure and post-traumatic growth( PTG) of nurses in 3A grade hospitals,and to analyze the main factors affecting the PTG. Methods: A total of 1062 nurses from several 3A grade hospitals were selected by convenient sampling method,and a questionnaire survey was conducted using the general data questionnaire,the trauma exposure questionnaire,and the PTG inventory. Results: The top three traumatic exposure rates of nurses were work violence( 68. 36%),natural disasters( 49. 34%),serious injuries/major surgery/life-threatening diseases( 37. 10%). The total score of nurses’ posttraumatic growth was( 57. 16 ± 21. 53) points. The differences in PTG scores of nurses of different ages,marital status,children’s status,sleep time and professional titles were statistically significant( P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed job satisfaction,sleep quality,the situation of children,working hours,sleep time and physical exercise were the main factors affecting the PTG of nurses( P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). Conclusion: The nurse professional group faces multiple traumatic exposure. Their PTG is at a low level. High job satisfaction,good sleep quality,having children,shorter working hours,adequate sleep time and active physical exercise can promote PTG.