滚动轴承振动加速度信号积分测试技术研究

Study on Vibration Acceleration Signal Integral Testing Technology of Rolling Element Bearings

滚动轴承出厂时需要根据国家标准进行振动检测。对滚动轴承的振动进行测量的方法主要是采用速度型测振和加速度型测振。由于速度型测振仪和加速度型测振仪所采用的传感器不同,两者的测量结果有相关性,但测量结果并不一致。传统的轴承测振仪采用模拟电路,对加速度信号进行准确积分,难度较大;随着计算机测量技术的迅速发展,运用数字量测试和积分技术,可以采用对加速度信号进行积分得到速度的方法进行测试。通过对轴承的加速度信号进行积分,进行振动速度测量,可以在同样的测试条件下对轴承的振动加速度和振动速度进行比较,具有实际应用价值。本文采用数字量测试技术,以深沟球轴承为研究对象,对加速度积分算法进行研究,利用MATLAB和Lab VIEW软件编写了数字滤波器和时域积分算法,减去了时域积分产生的趋势项,降低了趋势项误差。通过实际测量实验,所得结果与轴承行业所用的标准精密模拟积分器所得结果具有较好的一致性,可以满足轴承振动速度测量的需要。

Rolling bearings shall be tested for vibration according to national standards when they are delivered.The vibration measurement method of rolling bearing includes velocity type vibration measurement and acceleration type vibration measurement.Since different sensors are used by the velocity type vibrometer and the acceleration type vibrometer,the measurement results of the two have correlation,however the measurement results are different.The traditional bearing vibrometers use analog circuits to accurately integrate acceleration signals,which is difficult.With the rapid development of computer measurement technology,digital measurement and integration techniques can be used to obtain velocity by integrating acceleration signals.It is of practical value to measure the vibration velocity by integrating the acceleration signal of the bearing to compare the vibration acceleration and velocity under the same condition.This paper uses digital measurement technology and takes deep groove ball bearings as the research object to study the acceleration integration algorithm.The digital filters and time domain integration algorithms are programmed based on the MATLAB and LabVIEW software.The trend term generated by time domain integration is subtracted to reduce the trend term error.Through actual measurement experiments,the results obtained are in good agreement with those obtained by standard precision analog integrators used in the bearing industry,which can meet the requirement to measure the bearing vibration velocity.