《国际卫生条例》:全球卫生安全的治理框架

The International Health Regulations: The Governing Framework for Global Health Security

《国际卫生条例》是全球卫生安全的治理框架,但在相似倡议层出不穷的情形下,为了维持有效性,该条例仍需要文本上和实施上的改革。世界卫生组织负责监督《国际卫生条例》的实施,其领导地位和有效运转是该条例有效实施的前提。本文回顾了该条例的产生和过去10年的实施,分析了现有的改革,以提供一系列政治上可行的改革建议。本文为《国际卫生条例》及其运行、实施、世界卫生组织的监管,以及缔约国的遵守提供根本性改革的建议。

The International Health Regulations(IHR)are the governing framework for global health security yet require textual and operational reforms to remain effective,particularly as parallel initiatives are developed.The World Health Organization(WHO)is the agency charged with oversight of the IHR,and its leadership and efficient functioning are prerequisites for the effective implementation of the IHR.We reviewed the historical origins of the IHR and their performance over the past 10 years and analyzed all of the ongoing reform panel efforts to provide a series of politically feasible recommendations for fundamental reform.This article offers proposals for fundamental reform—with politically feasible pathways—of the IHR,their operations and implementation,WHO oversight,and State Party conformance.