医学新生艾滋病反歧视健康教育效果评价

Effect evaluation on the AIDS anti-discrimination education among medical freshmen

目的了解医学新生对艾滋病的认知和态度,评价对其进行艾滋病反歧视教育的效果。方法整群抽取某高校医学新生为研究对象,在健康教育干预前与干预后分别采用艾滋病基本知识问卷、中文版Zelaya艾滋病歧视量表进行调查,并对结果进行比较。结果干预前共抽取医学新生473例,干预后随访453例,失访率4%。干预前艾滋病基本知识知晓率为86.5%,干预后为97.4%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前艾滋病歧视量表得分:维度一(2.56±1.10)分,维度二(2.24±1.06)分,维度三(2.18±0.91)分,维度四(2.31±1.04)分,总量表(2.32±0.88)分;干预后各维度和总量表得分分别为(1.83±0.74)分、(1.58±0.60)分、(1.53±0.57)分、(1.62±0.66)分、(1.64±0.52)分,差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论团体教育和同伴教育相结合的方式对于艾滋病反歧视宣教近期效果显著。

Objective To learn the cognition and attitude to acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)of medical freshmen,and evaluate the effect of AIDS anti-discrimination education.Methods A cluster sample of medical freshmen were selected as subjects.Before and after health education,the AIDS knowledge questionnaire and Chinese version of Zelaya AIDS discrimination scale were used for investigation.Results A total of 473 medical freshmen were selected before the intervention,and 453 ones were followed up after the intervention,with a loss rate of 4%.Before and after health education,the average awareness rate of basic AIDS knowledge was 86.50%and 97.4%respectively,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Before intervention,the scores of the first,second,third,fourth dimension and the total score of the Zelaya AIDS discrimination scale were(2.56±1.10),(2.24±1.06),(2.18±0.91),(2.31±1.04)and(2.32±0.88)points accordingly while after intervention they were(1.83±0.74),(1.58±0.60),(1.53±0.57),(1.62±0.66)and(1.64±0.52)points respectively,all with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).Conclusions The combination of group education and peer education has a significant effect on AIDS anti-discrimination education in the near future.