荀子“成人之道”教育思想及其现实意义

Xunzi’s Education Thought of “the Way to Be a Man” and Its Practical Significance

荀子始终将其教育思想置于个体的欲望的冲动与成人成圣的激烈矛盾冲突之中,而这种冲突决定了教育的本质就是把人从本初的自然质朴的冲动中解放出来,从而获得与外在的礼义规范一致的普遍精神,如此,个体才能获得一种精神的教养,使人的主体道德主观性获得一种普遍的性质。教育的本质或根本任务不是培养人的个性,而是通过学以成人、化以成人、教以成人的曲折的化性起伪过程来获得一种与人的本质相一致的教养。荀子"成人之道"教育思想对当今人们理解教育的本质具有重大的参考价值。

Xunzi has always placed his educational thoughts in the fierce contradiction between the desire impulse of individuals and adult holiness, and this conflict determines that the nature of education is to make people liberated from the original natural and simplicity impulse so as to obtain the universal spirit consistent with the external etiquette and righteousness norms. In this way, the individual can obtain a kind of spiritual cultivation, so that the subjective moral subjectivity can obtain a universal nature. The essence or fundamental task of education is not to cultivate human personality, but to obtain a kind of upbringing consistent with human nature through the tortuous changing humanity by man-made process of learning to be a human, moralizing to be a human and teaching to be a human. Xunzi’s education thought of "the way to be a man" is of great reference value for people today to understand the nature of education.