环境规制与绿色技术创新的动态关联——基于“波特假说”的再检验

Dynamic Correlation Between Environmental Regulation and Green Technology Innovation: Retesting Based on "Porter Hypothesis"

为检视不同环境规制对技术创新的有效性,采用基准回归模型、中介效应模型、门槛效应模型分析4类环境规制工具与企业绿色技术创新之间的关系,对"波特假说"的中国实践进行再检验,研究发现与环境行政处罚、地区环境政策法规相比,排污费征缴、政府节能环保财政支出更有助于推动企业绿色技术创新,反映出不同环境规制工具的选取对绿色技术创新影响的差异性。进一步通过中介效应模型和门槛回归模型分析发现,排污费征缴和政府节能环保财政支出均可通过提升企业研发投入强度来推动企业绿色技术创新,但是4类环境规制工具的效果随着各自实施强度提升呈现出差异化特点,排污费征缴、政府节能环保财政支出对企业绿色技术创新的影响由负变正、由不显著变显著,环境行政处罚随着强度提高却更加阻碍企业绿色技术创新,而无论地区环境政策法规的强度如何,其对绿色技术创新的影响均不显著。

In order to examine the effectiveness of different environmental regulations on technological innovation,this paper analyzes the relationship between four types of environmental regulation tools and enterprise green technological innovation by using benchmark regression model,intermediary effect model and threshold effect model.The study finds that,compared with environmental administrative punishment and regional environmental policies and regulations,the collection of sewage fee and the government’s energy conservation and environmental protection financial expenditure are more conducive to promoting enterprise green technology innovation,reflecting the differences in the impact of different environmental regulation tools on green technology innovation.Further,through the analysis of the intermediary effect model and threshold regression model,the collection and payment of pollution charge and the government’s financial expenditure on energy conservation and environmental protection can promote the enterprise’s green technology innovation by increasing R&D investment intensity of the enterprises.However,the effect of the four kinds of environmental regulation tools is different with the increase of their respective strengths,the collection and payment of pollution charge and the government’s financial expenditure on energy conservation and environmental protection have an impact on the enterprise’s green technology,the impact of innovation has changed from negative to positive,from not significant to significant.However,with the increase of the intensity,the environmental administrative punishment has more hindered the green technology innovation of enterprises,and regardless of the intensity of regional environmental policies and regulations,the impact on green technology innovation is not significant.