农村基层政治效能感对投票行为的影响——基于不同选举性质下的实证研究

The Influence of the Political Efficacy of Rural Grassroots on the Voting Behaviors--An Empirical Study Based on the Nature of Different Elections

基于2018年在山西省忻州市四个区县的调查数据,研究在不同选举性质下村民政治效能感的高低对其投票行为的影响.研究表明,在偏竞争性选举性质下,村民的内在政治效能感和外在政治效能感对其投票行为都有显著影响;在半竞争性选举性质下,仅内在效能感对其投票与否有影响.可见,选举越具有竞争性,对于推动我国农村的基层民主建设越具有积极作用,而在上一级权力渗透下的半竞争性选举中,尽管村民认为自己的利益表达会得到相关部门的重视和关心,但由于选举本身的限制以及现实环境,村民也不一定会通过投票这一途径实现自己的政治诉求.

Based on the survey data from four counties in Xinzhou city,Shanxi Province in 2018,this paper studied the influence of villagers’ political efficacy on their voting behaviors under the nature different elections.The research shows that,in the competitive election,villagers’ inner political efficacy and outer political efficacy have significant influence on their voting behaviors;in the semi-competitive election,only the intrinsic sense of efficacy has an effect on whether the candidate votes or not.In this regard,the more competitive the election is,the more positive role will be to promote the construction of rural democracy at the grassroots level;in the semi-competitive election under the penetration of higher level,although the villagers think their expression of interests will get the attention and care by the relevant departments,they may not realize their own political appeal by vote due to the limitation of the election itself and realistic environment.