晚清知识分科与百科全书中的“名学”

Logic in Encyclopaedias and the Typology of Knowledge of the Late Qing Dynasty

学界对近代逻辑学术语、概念和学科体系的考察往往忽视一种重要文类——百科全书。回到清末旧知识体系遭遇冲击、新知识体系尚未建立的历史现场,百科全书自身就代表了知识体系。笔者以黄人编纂《普通百科新大辞典》为主要文本,通过考察名学在百科全书中的定名和名学学科在百科全书中的设立,试图回答名学在晚清新知识体系中如何被构建的问题。

Encyclopaedias have often been ignored in the investigations on modern terminologies,concepts,and the typology of knowledge of logic.Based on the New Encyclopaedia of Common Knowledge compiled by Huang Ren,this article examines the naming of mingxue(logic)and the establishment of mingxue in the encyclopaedia in an attempt to clarify how the discipline of logic was shaped in the new system of knowledge of the late Qing dynasty.