新冠肺炎疫情下听障人群语言应急服务的思考

Refl ections on Language Emergency Services for People with Hearing Loss in Epidemic of COVID-19

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的暴发暴露出特殊人群语言应急服务的缺位。听障者的听力和语言状况多元化,在疫情期间存在突出的沟通需求,迫切需要在口语交谈、笔谈、手语翻译、唇读等沟通渠道上得到有效支持。本次疫情期间,政府信息发布更趋人性化,聋协发挥桥梁纽带作用,现代科技助力无障碍沟通,一定程度上满足了听障人群的沟通需要,但也存在一些问题,如自媒体资讯缺乏有效监管,医患沟通仍无良策等。我们建议:提升无障碍意识,保障弱势群体的语言沟通权利;推广国家通用手语,推动手语翻译专业化和职业化;借鉴国外经验,进一步提升语言应急服务效率。

The outbreak of COVID-19 has revealed the lack of language emergency services for people with special needs.The needs of hearing-impaired people are diversifi ed thus the demand for more individualized services for eff ective communication during the epidemic period is also increasingly prominent.These services include urgent support in spoken language,written language,sign language interpretation,lip-reading and other communication channels.During the critical period of the COVID-19,the government adopted more personalized and user-friendly measures for information briefi ng and the Deaf Association also played a bridging role in connecting its community with diff erent parties.Advanced technology also proves to be conducive in facilitating information accessibility in communication with the hearing-impaired community.All means mentioned above served to meet the communication needs of the hearing-impaired community to some extent.However,there are still some problems,such as the lack of eff ective supervision of We Media and the existence of barriers for the communication between the doctors and patients.Based on a survey of research literature,offi cial regulations and media coverage,we suggest that we should enhance the awareness of complete accessibility,ensure the communication right of people with special needs,promote wider use of the Chinese National Sign Language,accelerate the professionalization of sign language interpretation,and learn from international experience in order to improve the effi ciency of language emergency services in China.