日本参与全球海洋治理的理念、政策与实践

The Concept,Policy and Practice of Japan s Participation in Global Ocean Governance

参与全球海洋治理的理念、政策与实践是一国综合国力的反映,更是国家战略的具体投射。自称“海洋立国”的日本在战后开启现代化海洋外交之路,对参与全球海洋治理的探索涵盖安全保障、经济、科技、可持续发展等诸多议题。战后70余年来,日本树立海洋理念,制定海洋战略,落实海洋政策;参与全球海洋治理,抛出日本方案,树立“守护海洋国家”的形象;高举“海洋法治”价值观大旗,争夺国际话语权,欲拓展海洋外交“朋友圈”。然而,日本囿于美日同盟与“零和”思维,未与“共商共建共享”的世界潮流相向而行,恐令其与“政治大国”诉求渐行渐远,从而割裂全球海洋治理合作。

The concept,policy and practice of participating in global ocean governance are not only a reflection of a country s comprehensive national strength,but also a concrete projection of its national strategy.Japan s self-proclaimed"maritime state"embarked on a road of modern maritime diplomacy after the war,and its exploration of participating in global maritime governance covered many issues including security,economy,science and technology,sustainable development and so on.Over the past 70 years since the war,Japan has developed a maritime concept,formulated a maritime strategy and implemented a maritime policy;Participate in global ocean governance,put forward Japanese proposals and compete for international discourse power;it holds high the banner of"maritime rule of law",establish the image of"protecting maritime countries",and expand the"social circle"of maritime diplomacy.Unfortunately,Japan is still bound by the US-Japan alliance and zero-sum game.It moves against the world trend of“consultation,contribution and Shared benefits",which may lead it to drift away from the appeal of“political power"and separate the global maritime governance and cooperation.