构树不同种源叶性状变异研究

Variation of leaf morphological characters of Broussonetia papyrifera from different provenances

【目的】分析构树不同种源叶表型性状遗传变异规律,为构树遗传多样性研究和优良种源的筛选等提供参考。【方法】以30个构树种源的叶为材料,通过测量叶面积、叶长、叶宽、叶周长等8个叶的表型性状,进行综合分析。【结果】1)构树不同种源间8个叶表型性状的差异均达到极显著水平,且性状间具有显著的相关性,叶面积与叶长、叶宽、叶周长、叶柄长和绒毛密度均呈极显著正相关。2)不同叶片性状间变异系数幅度为12.72%~64.50%,该结果初步表明不同种源间叶片性状的遗传变异幅度较大,叶面积、叶长、叶宽和叶周长的种源重复力均在55%以上,表明构树的叶性状差异在一定程度上是受遗传控制的。3)对不同种源建立叶面积拟合方程,除四川大邑外,其他种源的叶面积拟合方程的相关系数均在0.8以上,说明这些模拟方程的拟合效果较好,后续试验可通过叶长与叶宽预测叶面积,简化试验。4)对构树叶各性状与地理、气候因子进行相关分析,叶面积、叶长、叶宽、叶周长和绒毛密度与经度呈显著负相关,与纬度呈极显著负相关,说明种源间构树叶的地理变异是以纬度变异为主。5)根据叶片的8个性状可将30个构树种源聚为3类。【结论】构树不同种源间叶表型性状差异显著,可为构树遗传多样性研究和优良种源的筛选提供参考。

【Objective】The genetic variation of leaf phenotypic traits in different provenances of mulberry was analyzed, which providereferences for the study of genetic diversity of mulberryand the screening of elite provenances.【Method】Based on the leaves of 30 tree species, the phenotypic traits of eight leaves, such as leaf area, leaf length, leaf width and leaf circumference, were measured and analyzed comprehensively.【Result】The results show that: 1) The differences of 8 leaf characters among different provenances are all extremely significant, and there is a significant correlation between the characters, leaf area is significantly positively correlated with leaf length, leaf width, leaf circumference, petiole length and fluff density;2) The variance coefficient of leaf traits range from 12.72%-64.50%, and the results show that the genetic variation of leaf traits vary greatly between different provenances, and the provenance of leaf area, leaf length, leaf width and leaf circumference are all more than 55%, indicating that the leaf trait difference of mulberry is genetically controlled to some extent;3) The leaf area fitting equation is established for different provenances, the correlation coefficients of the leaf area fitting equation for other provenances are above 0.8 except the provenance of Dayi, indicating that the fitting effect of these simulation equations is good,subsequent tests can predict leaf area by leaf length and leaf width, simplify the test;4)Correlation analysis is carried out between the traits of leaves and geographical and climatic factors. Leaf area, leaf length, leaf width, leaf circumference and villus density are significantly negatively correlated with longitude, and are significantly negatively correlated with latitude, indicating interspecific interspecific leaves. Geographic variation is dominated by latitude variation;5)Using the cluster analysis of 8 leaf characteristics of Broussonetia papyrifera, 30 provenances can be divided into 3 types.【Conclusion】There are significant differences in leaf phenotypic traits between different provenances, which can provide reference for the study of genetic diversity and the selection of elite provenances.