2 t智能全电动搬运车机构及控制系统设计

The Mechanical Structure and Control System Design of 2 t Intelligent Electric Pallet Trucks

针对当前市面电动搬运车仅有人工操控的单一功能,以及工程运用中搬运场景的特殊需求,本文基于搬运车性能指标和设计原则要求,面向额定负载2 t (t=tons)货物,设计了一款智能全电动搬运车,实现在特殊搬运场景下对电动搬车的的远程操控.本文采用模块化的方法设计了机械系统和控制系统,通过实物样机试验及受力分析,搬运车负载满足设计要求.控制系统采用手动控制和遥控控制自由切换的策略,实时控制搬运车前进后退、转向、装货和卸货等动作.在遥控控制模式下,实现在复杂的环境下对搬运车远程操控.工作现场测试结果表明,该系统具有成本低、功耗小、便于扩展、可控性强等优点,对现在市面上的传统搬运车的智能改造具有一定的推广价值.

In light of electric forklifts’ single function of manual control and the special requirements of handling scenes in engineering application, this paper introduces a new type of intelligent all-electric forklift with a rated load of 2 t(t=tons) based on the performance requirements and design principles of current forklifts used on special shop floors. It adopts the method of modularization design for the mechanical system and control system, which proves to meet the truck load design requirements through stress analysis test of the physical prototype. The control system can be switched freely between manual and remote modes, which allows the forklift to perform forward and backward movements, steering, loading and unloading actions under complex circumstances. In the remote control mode and a complex environment, the system works well. Field test results indicate that the proposed design has the merits of lower cost and power consumption yet better expandability and controllability and has certain practical and promotional value to the intelligent transformation of the traditional moving vehicles currently on the market.