从古格“哈奢帕巴”崇拜看中古时期河西与藏西的交流

Viewing Exchanges Between The West of Yellow River and Western Tibet during the Middle Ancient According to“ha-se vphags-pa”

古格文献中关于"哈奢帕巴"出场的记录显示的是藏族盟誓的传统形式,这一传统的文本描述可以追溯到吐蕃王朝时代。古格王室是吐蕃王室的直系后裔,对比桑耶寺与托林寺的兴佛证盟誓辞,共同点颇多。从名称上看,古格王室所崇拜的"哈奢帕巴",意即"河西神",极有可能是一个起源于今甘肃河西地区的神祇。这一神祇信仰一头连着河西地区,一头连着藏西的古格,在吐蕃统治河湟时期存在着大量的人员交流,8-9世纪期间活跃于河湟地区的象雄贵族为没庐氏(vbro),这一家族后来积极参与到阿里古格王朝的开国事业中,哈奢帕巴有可能是他们带回古格的。

A deity named"ha-se vphags-pa"who appeared in a ceremony of an oath was mentioned in the literature of Guge Kingdom.The text description of the ceremony could date back to the tubo dynasty(Tibet Empire).In the aspect of name,it was very likely that the deity of the Guge royal family had originated in Gansu province(Hexi Corridor).Vbro clan had been active as generals in Hexi Corridor during the time of Tibet Empire.It seems likely that the deity was brought to Guge by members of the vbro clan who deeply participated in the foundation of the Guge Kingdom.