集中连片特困地区产业扶贫效率及影响因素实证分析--以甘肃省31区县马铃薯产业为例

Empirical Analysis of Industry-Oriented Poverty Alleviation Efficiency and Its Influences Factors in Concentrated and Contiguous Poverty-stricken Areas:Taking the Potato Industry in 31 Districts and Counties of Gansu Province as An Example

集中连片特困地区是当前脱贫攻坚战的主战场,驱动该地区产业科学发展,激发当地贫困群众的内生动力和造血功能,是实现精准脱贫和可持续生计的有效路径。甘肃省的集中连片特困地区具备贫困程度严重、返贫率高、生态脆弱和城镇化率低等核心特征,马铃薯产业在集中连片特困地区具有较强的产业代表性。因此,以马铃薯产业作为研究对象,研究其产业扶贫效率,提升其扶贫效果,并对其影响因素进行分析,这对于集中连片特困地区贫困人口实现减贫脱贫具有重要的现实价值和启示意义。目前对集中连片特困地区产业扶贫效率的研究相对较少,更鲜有从马铃薯产业角度出发去研究扶贫贡献程度的。文章的创新之处在于提取了甘肃省四个集中连片特困地区31个区县的马铃薯产业数据,选取地区经济发展水平、基础设施建设、灌溉水平、城镇化水平以及财政支持作为解释变量,运用DEA-Tobit模型分析了马铃薯产业扶贫效率的影响因素以及自然断裂法刻画扶贫效率的时空演变。结果表明:马铃薯产业扶贫效率整体较高,但地区差异较大,有明显的空间聚集向扩散演变的趋势。财政支持、地区经济发展水平、灌溉水平、城镇化以及基础设施建设对其产生的作用也各有不同。

Concentrated and contiguous poverty-stricken areas are the main battlefields of the current poverty alleviation battle. Driving the scientific development of industry in this area,stimulating the endogenous power of local poor people and their ability to get rid of poverty are effective ways to achieve accurate poverty alleviation and sustainable development. The concentrated and contiguous poverty-stricken areas in Gansu Province have the core characteristics of severe poverty,high poverty return rate,fragile ecology and low urbanization rate,and the potato industry has strong industrial representation in the concentrated and contiguous poverty-stricken areas. Therefore,taking the potato industry as a research object,researching its industrial poverty alleviation efficiency,improving its poverty alleviation effect,and analyzing its influencing factors,which has important realistic value and enlightenment significance for the concentrated poverty-stricken areas to achieve poverty reduction and poverty alleviation. At present,there are relatively few researches on the efficiency of poverty alleviation in the concentrated and contiguous areas,and few researches on the contribution of poverty alleviation from the perspective of potato industry. The innovation of this article is to extract the potato industry data from 31 districts and counties in four concentrated and extremely poor areas in Gansu Province. The regional economic development level,infrastructure construction,irrigation level,urbanization level,and financial support are selected as explanatory variables. The DEA-Tobit model analyzes the influencing factors of the poverty alleviation efficiency of the potato industry and the spatiotemporal evolution of the poverty alleviation efficiency by the natural fracture method. The results show that the poverty alleviation efficiency of potato industry is higher as a whole,but there are great regional differences,and there is an obvious trend of spatial aggregation to diffusion.Financial support,regional economic development level,irrigation level,urbanization and infrastructure construction have different effects on it.