透光混凝土建筑室内环境光热效应实验研究

Experimental Study on Indoor Photothermal Effect of Light-transmitting Concrete Building

透光混凝土由光纤、树脂、有机玻璃等透光性材料与普通混凝土制备而成,具有通透自然光的特点,不仅可以提高建筑整体采光水平,降低人工照明能耗,而且可以在一定程度上降低建筑窗墙比,避免由于窗户的增加引起的冷风渗透、冷热桥等现象。对光纤、树脂和有机玻璃三种常见的导光体材料进行透光率测试,长度为200mm的三种导光体材料的透光率分别为18.27%、9.84%和12.96%,兼顾导光体材料的经济性和施工工艺繁杂性因素,确定有机玻璃作为本文透光混凝土砌块导光体材料,并对制备的透光混凝土砌块进行抗压强度和冻融循环实验,结果表明导光体与混凝土基体界面接触面积增加是影响其力学性能和耐久性下降的重要因素。以此为理论依据结合配筋砌体施工工艺,确定透光混凝土砌块最佳尺寸并搭建透光混凝土建筑实验平台,从建筑系统的视角出发,在大连地区特定光热气候条件下,对透光混凝土建筑所营造的室内光热环境进行分析评价。结果表明:导光体体积掺杂比为12.56%,南向改造面积为0.56m2的透光混凝土实验房在冬夏两季、晴天和阴天两种不同天气工况下,室内照度水平分别增加62.1lux、86.6lux、22.4lux、28.5lux;室内照度均匀度分别提升2.38%、4.25%、1.32%、3.13%;人工照明时间分别减少3.48%、14.46%、2.95%、7.21%;并对不同时间段透光混凝土墙体对室内热舒适影响效果进行了实证分析。

Characterized by transparent natural light,Light-transmitting concrete made of translucent materials such as optical fiber,resin,and plexiglass with normal concrete,not only can improve lighting level of buildings,but also reduces their energy consumption for artificial lighting,reducing window-wall ratio and avoiding occurrences of cold air infiltration,cold and hot bridge by the increase of windows.In this paper,three typical light conductive materials(optical fiber,resin and organic glass)are tested with lengths of 200mm,which their transmittances are 18.27%,9.84%and 12.96%,respectively.Considering the economy of light conductive materials and its complicated construction technology,this research selects the organic glass as the transmittance material for Light-transmitting concrete block,tested by Compressive strength and freeze-thaw cycling experiment.The results show that the increase of contact area between light conductivity and concrete matrix is an important factor affecting the decline of its mechanical properties and durability.The optimal size of Light-transmitting concrete block is determined to construct the experimental platform of translucent concrete building based on the theory upon with reinforced masonry construction process.From the perspective of building system,the indoor light and thermal environment in Light-transmitting concrete building is analyzed and evaluated under specific light and thermal climatic in Dalian.The results show that under the conditions of winter,summer,sunny and cloudy in the Light-transmitting concrete experimental room of which south reconstruction area is 0.56m2 with light conductive volumetric doping ratio 12.56%,indoor illumination level increases by 62.1lux,86.6 lux,22.4 lux and 28.5 lux;Indoor illumination uniformity increased by 2.38%,4.25%,1.32%,and 3.13%;and artificial lighting time decreased by 3.48%,14.46%,2.95%,and 7.21%,respectively.It also analyzes the effect of Light-transmitting concrete wall on indoor thermal comfort in various time empirically.