女性盆腔脏器脱垂发病因素分析

Analysis of the causes of female pelvic organ prolapse

目的探讨女性盆腔脏器脱垂的发病因素。方法选择2019年4~6月在我院妇科门诊就诊的妇科疾病患者1160例为调查对象,其中168例为POP。根据是否为POP分为POP组与非POP组。调查患者一般人口学资料及临床资料,单因素及多因素分析POP发病的危险因素。结果(1)单因素分析结果显示,年龄>50岁、小学文化程度、体力劳动者、足月分娩次数≥3次、绝经时间≥5年、BMI≥23 kg/m^2、有盆腔手术史的患者POP发生率较高(P<0.05)。(2)多因素分析结果显示,年龄>50岁、小学文化、体力劳动者、足月分娩≥3次、绝经≥5年、BMI≥23 kg/m^2、有盆腔手术史是女性POP发病的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论女性盆腔脏器脱垂严重影响患者的生活质量,高龄、文化水平低、体力劳动、足月分娩次数多、绝经时间长、肥胖、有盆腔手术史是高危因素,临床工作中,对于有高危因素的患者应加强相关健康教育,提高相关意识,及时预防及治疗。

Objective To explore the pathogenesis of female pelvic organ prolapse(POP).Methods 1160 patients with gynecological diseases treated in our hospital from April to June 2019 were selected as the subjects,and 168 of them were POP.They were divided into POP group and non-POP group according to whether POP was presented.The general demographic data and clinical data of patients were investigated,and the risk factors of POP were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis.Results(1)The results of univariate analysis showed that the incidence of POP was higher in patients with age>50 years,primary school education background,manual work,term birth≥3 times,menopause≥5 years,body mass index(BMI)≥23 kg/m^2,a history of pelvic surgery(P<0.05).(2)The results of multivariate analysis showed that age>50 years,primary school education background,manual work,term birth≥3 times,menopause≥5 years,body mass index(BMI)≥23 kg/m^2,a history of pelvic surgery were independent risk factors for POP in women(P<0.05).Conclusion POP seriously affects the quality of life of the patients.Older age,low level of education background,manual work,number of term birth,long menopause,obesity,and pelvic surgery history are high-risk factors of POP.It is necessary to strengthen health education,improve awareness,and give timely treatment for the patients with high-risk factors.