《太平记》中的武士形象——以“忠”和“孝”为中心

The Image of Samurai in the Taiheiki:Focusing on"loyalty"and"filial piety"

在《太平记》中,楠木正成和楠木正行二人作为"忠臣"的典范被世人所熟知。此种武士形象的形成除源自于《太平记》本身对二人的描述以外,也与《太平记》对后世的影响有很大关系。本文将不限于日本南朝方的武士,同时也跳出特殊的"君臣关系"的框架,以《太平记》全文所描述的武士整体为考察对象。在考察方法上,以《太平记》原文中所出现的"忠"和"孝"这两大关键词为切入点,着重留意作品是如何以"忠"和"孝"这两大概念来对武士进行具体描述,进一步论证"忠"和"孝"对武士的重要性,由此考究出《太平记》所描述的武士形象。

In the Japanese historical epic the Taiheiki,Kusunoki Masashige and Kusunoki Masayuki were known as models of"loyal ministers"in the Southern Court.This image of samurai not only derived from the description of them in the Taiheiki but also had a great connection with the accepted history of the Taiheiki.This article is not limited to the samurai in the Southern Court,but takes the samurai described in the Taiheiki as the object and thinks out of the framework of the"monarch-subject re lationship".In terms of the methodology,taking the two keywords"loyalty"and"filial piety"in the original text of the Taiheiki as a starting point,this article focuses on how the text describes the samurai in detail by using the two concepts of"loyalty"and"filial piety",then further demonstrates the importance of"loyalty"and"filial piety"to the samurai,thus concluding with the image of samurai in the Taiheiki.