制造体制的演化与新范式建构

制造业升级是实现经济高质量发展的一项长期关键的任务,也是应对当前诸如西方高科技产品出口禁令及社会公共危机事件考验的必然之举。而制造业新范式的建构是观察制造业转型升级重要的微观视角,制造体制历经从手工作业、机器大生产、福特体制到柔性制造的多次跃进,演进历程有其内在规律。如今,中国制造业企业迎来了对智能制造新范式进行主动塑造与率先实践的历史机遇,但也面临工业3.0历史欠账、高质量人才资源匮乏、产业链协同不足等诸多典型问题。因此,建议政府施政方略应从"资源分配"向"资源利用"转型,加大高级技工人才及创新人才的培育力度,企业应脚踏实地,强化全面信息化的互联互通工作,完成基于市场新形势及面向行业的商业模式变革。

Upgrading of manufacturing industry is a long-term key task to achieve high-quality economic development,and is also an inevitable measure to cope with the current events such as the western ban on the export of high-tech products and social public crisis.The construction of new manufacturing paradigm is an important micro perspective to observe manufacturing upgrading.Looking back on the history of manufacturing industry,manufacturing system has experienced many leaps from manual production,large-scale machine production,Ford system to flexible manufacturing,and the evolution process has its own internal laws.Nowadays,Chinese manufacturing enterprises have a historical opportunity to actively form and take the lead in the practice of the new paradigm of intelligent manufacturing,but they also face many typical problems,such as the historical debts of industry 3.0,lack of high-quality human resources,and lack of industrial chain coordination.Based on this,it is suggested that the government should transform its governance from"resource allocation"to"resource utilization",and improve the cultivation of senior technicians and innovative talents,and on the other hand,the micro enterprises should strengthen the interconnection of comprehensive information,and change the business model based on the new market situation and specific industry.