人工湿地在农村生活污水处理中的应用及研究进展

Application and Research of Constructed Wetlands in Rural Wastewater Treatment

农村生活污水处理是落实乡村振兴战略的必要举措。由于维护简单、运行费用低廉等优势,人工湿地在世界各国的农村污水处理中得到广泛应用。我国近年来颁布了多部相关国家规程和地方标准,使人工湿地的设计实施有据可依,但在人工湿地所需的预处理工艺、出水排放标准、单元尺寸计算参数、冬季运行措施等方面仍未形成统一规范。系统论述了人工湿地在农村污水处理中的发展历史、应用现状、工艺组合和面积计算等,并展望其未来发展方向,为进一步研究和应用提供参考。

Rural wastewater treatment is a necessary measure to implement the strategy of rural revitalization. Because of simple maintenance, low operating cost and so forth, constructed wetlands(CW) have been widely used in rural wastewater treatment around the world. In recent years, many related national and local standards have been issued in China, providing references for the design and implementation of constructed wetlands. But in some specific aspects such as the pretreatment techniques, treatment goals, sizing methods and winter operations, standardized practices are yet to be achieved. This review focused on constructed wetlands in rural wastewater treatment, covering the development history, application progress, treatment process and sizing calculation, and prospected its future research direction, to provide reference and suggestions for further application and research.