磷硫配施对冬小麦硒吸收及转运的影响

Impact of Phosphorus and Sulfur Combined Application on Selenium Uptake and Translocation in Winter Wheat

为了探讨磷硫配施对冬小麦产量、硒的吸收及转运的影响,为生产富硒小麦或合理调控小麦硒含量提供理论依据,采用盆栽试验,设置不同磷、硫水平,在小麦成熟期测定产量及植株各部位硒含量。结果表明:硫磷的配合施用能显著提高冬小麦产量,S0.1P0.4处理下冬小麦产量最高。除颖壳外,冬小麦各部位硒含量最高值都出现在S0P0处理。不论施硫与否,施磷均能显著降低冬小麦各部位硒含量,提高小麦植株硒累积量,促进冬小麦茎叶向颖壳的硒迁移,降低根向茎叶、颖壳向籽粒的硒迁移系数,还会减小籽粒的硒分配。单独施硫会降低植株的硒累积量,促进冬小麦根向茎叶、茎叶向颖壳的硒迁移,降低颖壳向籽粒的硒迁移系数,低硫处理能增加小麦籽粒的硒分配,高硫处理则降低了籽粒的硒分配。S0P0.2处理能显著提高籽粒硒累积量,而高浓度的磷硫配施会降低籽粒硒累积量;S0.1P0和S0.1P0.2处理籽粒硒分配较大,分别是45.3%和44.8%。因此,硫磷的合理配施能显著提高小麦产量,低硫(S0.1)高磷(P0.4)处理增产最显著。低硫(S0.1)低磷(P0.2)处理能更有效地增加植株硒累积量,增强硒在籽粒中的累积。

In order to explore the effects of phosphorus(P) and sulfur(S) combined application on wheat yield, selenium uptake and translocation, and to provide some theoretical basis for the production of selenium-rich wheat or the rational regulation of wheat selenium content, this paper conducted potted experiment to determine the yield and selenium content of each part of the plant at the maturity stage of wheat with different P and S levels. The results showed that: the yield of winter wheat was significantly increased by the combination application of S and P. The yield of winter wheat was the highest under S0.1P0.4 treatment. Besides glume, each part of the winter wheat had high selenium content under S0P0 treatment. Whether S was applied or not, P application could significantly reduce the selenium content of each part of the winter wheat, increase wheat plant selenium accumulation, promote the selenium migration of stem leaf to glume of winter wheat, and reduce the selenium migration coefficient of root to stem leaf and glume to grain, and also reduce the selenium distribution of the grains. The application of sulfur alone would reduce the selenium accumulation of the plant, promote the migration of winter wheat roots to stem leaf, stem leaf to glume, reduce the selenium migration coefficient of the glume to grain, and low sulfur treatment could increase the selenium distribution of wheat grains, but the high sulfur treatment could reduce the selenium distribution of the grains. S0P0.2 treatment could significantly increase winter wheat yield and grain selenium accumulation, while high concentration of P and S combined application would reduce winter wheat grain selenium accumulation. Selenium distribution of grains were relatively large in S0.1P0 and S0.1P0.2treatment, the proportion were 45.3% and 44.8%, respectively. Therefore, the reasonable combined application of S and P could significantly increase the yield of wheat, and the most significant increase was under the treatment of low sulfur(S0.1) and high phosphorus(P0.4). Low sulfur(S0.1) and low phosphorus(P0.2) treatment could increase the accumulation of selenium in plants more effectively and enhance the accumulation of selenium in grains.