2013—2017年苏州市学校传染病流行病学特征分析

Epidemiologic characteristics of infectious diseases in schools in Suzhou City from 2013 to 2017

目的分析2013—2017年苏州市学校传染病流行病学特征,为制定学校传染病防治策略和措施提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2013—2017年苏州市学校传染病的流行情况和分布特征进行统计分析。结果2013—2017年间苏州市学校法定传染病共报告发病52734例,死亡1例;非法定传染病共报告发病20402例,死亡0例。法定传染病报告病例数居前6位的是手足口病、流行性腮腺炎、流行性感冒、猩红热、感染性腹泻病、肺结核;非法定传染病报告病例数较多的病种是水痘。学校传染病每年显示两个发病高峰,冬季(12月份)高峰最明显,春季(5月份)高峰次之。2013—2017年苏州市累计报告学校突发公共卫生事件52起,病种排在前两位的是水痘和感染性腹泻病;发生地点集中在小学和幼儿园;事件发生时间较多的月份为11月和12月。结论苏州市学校传染病以手足口病、水痘、流行性腮腺炎等常见传染病为主,需加强疫苗接种,继续做好学校传染病相关监测工作。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in schools in Suzhou City from 2013 to 2017,so as to provide the evidence for formulating the prevention and control strategy and measures of school infectious diseases.Methods The prevalence and distribution characteristics of school infectious diseases were statistically analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological methods in Suzhou City from 2013 to 2017.Results During the five years from 2013 to 2017,52734 cases of legal infectious diseases were reported with one death,and 20402 cases of illegal infectious diseases were reported with 0 death in schools in Suzhou City.The top legal infectious diseases were hand,foot and mouth disease,mumps,influenza,scarlet fever,infectious diarrhea,and tuberculosis.The top illegal infectious disease was chicken pox.There were 2 morbidity peaks of school infectious diseases,which were winter(December)and spring(May).From 2013 to 2017,a total of 52 school public health emergencies were reported,among which chicken pox and infectious diarrhea were the top two diseases reported.The locations were concentrated in primary schools and kindergartens.The time with the most incidents was November and December.Conclusion School infectious diseases mainly include hand,foot and mouth disease,chicken pox,and mumps etc.in Suzhou City.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the vaccination and continue to monitor school infectious diseases.