空间视角下中国公共图书馆效率测度与影响因素

Calculation and Analysis of the Influencing Factor on Public Libraries' Efficiency at the Provincial Level in China from a Spatial Perspective

[目的/意义]公共图书馆是我国公共文化服务体系的重要组成部分,从空间视角对其效率进行测度与影响因素研究对于公共文化服务体系建设具有一定现实意义。[方法/过程]以2007-2016年中国各省市面板数据为研究单元,在超效率三阶段DEA模型和Markov链模型测度分析公共图书馆效率的基础上,将空间效应引入公共图书馆效率影响因素的分析中,构建空间面板计量模型估算其影响程度,并分区域、分时段讨论影响因素的分异特征。[结果/结论]研究发现,外部环境与随机误差因素对我国公共图书馆效率产生显著影响,调整后的效率值在区域分布上呈现显著的空间非均衡特征,表现为东部最高、中部次之、西部最小;公共图书馆效率存在显著的空间正相关性和空间溢出效应;在考虑空间要素的条件下,新增馆藏购置费、专业技术人才数量与结构、人均图书馆馆舍面积、图书馆活跃度及公平指数等内部因素均对公共图书馆效率产生影响。

[Purpose/significance]Public library is an important part of the public cultural service system in China.It is of practical significance to measure its efficiency and study its influencing factors from the perspective of space.[Method/process]Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2007 to 2016,three-stage super-efficient DEA model and Markov chain model were used to measure and analyze public libraries'efficiency.Then,the spatial effect factor was introduced into the testing process of the influential factors of the public libraries'efficiency,so we can estimate the influence level through the spatial econometric model and discuss its differentiation characteristics in different regions and in the time interval.[Result/conclusion]The results are as follows.Firstly,external environment and random error factors have a significant impact on the efficiency of public libraries in China.After the adjustment,the efficiency value shows a significant spatial disequilibrium feature in the regional distribution,the highest in the east,the second in the middle and the smallest in the west.Secondly,there are significant spatial positive correlation and spatial spillover effect in public library efficiency.Finally,under the condition of considering the space element,the efficiency of the public library is affected by some internal influencing factors such as the new inventory purchase expense,the quantity and structure of the professional technical personnel,the per capita space area of the library,the activity degree of the library and the fair index.