改性蒙脱土在涤纶防熔缩整理中的应用

Application of modified montmorillonite in the anti-melt shrinkage of polyester fabric

为了提高涤纶织物的防熔缩性能,分别以硫酸为酸化剂、γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷为改性剂,对钠基蒙脱土进行修饰改性。X-射线衍射和红外光谱结果表明,在酸化过程中,硫酸将钠基蒙脱土层间的氧化物转变为可溶性盐类杂质而溶解,并和层间阳离子进行交换,使层间距从1.24 nm增大到1.42 nm,而γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷接枝在钠基蒙脱土表面。扫描电镜观测到整理后涤纶纤维被改性钠基蒙脱土所形成的光滑、连续的交联物包裹。防熔缩测试结果表明,整理后涤纶织物的防熔缩效果显著增强,熔缩率由整理前的38.3%降至19.3%,且具有优良的耐洗性。

In order to improve the anti-melt shrinkage performance of polyester fabric,sodium montmoril lonite was modified by using sulfuric acid as acidifier andγ-(methacryloyl)propyl trimethoxysilane as modifier.The results of X-ray diffraction and infrared spectrum showed that in the process of acidification,sulfuric acid changed the oxides between the layers of sodium montmorillonite into soluble salt impurities and dissolved them,and exchanged with the cations between layers,so that the layer spacing increased from 1.24 nm to 1.42 nm.However,γ-(methacryloxy)propyl trimethoxysilane was grafted on the surface of sodium montmoril lonite.It was observed by SEM that the treated polyester fiber was covered by smooth and continuous crosslinking substance formed by modified sodium montmorillonite.The anti-melt shrinkage test showed that the anti-melt shrinkage effect of polyester fabric after finishing was significantly enhanced,the melt shrinkage rate decreased from 38.3%before finishing to 19.3%,and had excellent washing resistance.