建设单位安全经理工作压力研究

Research on Work Stress of Owner's Safety Managers

近年来,安全管理在建设工程管理中越来越受到重视,建设单位新设立“安全经理”岗位进行安全管理工作。由于安全管理作为贯穿施工全过程的管理工作、涉及内容多、工作责任大,并且新设立岗位缺乏相关经验,安全经理目前面临较大的工作压力。采用问卷调研的方法对建设单位安全经理工作压力大小及压力源进行调研,通过均值分析和配对样本t检验,分别对岗位工作任务压力现状和不同生产阶段的工作压力来源进行了分析。结果表明:安全经理的工作压力主要来源于需要专业技能的日常安全管理工作,即重大危险源管理和安全检查;兼职安全经理的工作压力同时来源于安全管理工作和非安全管理工作,且二者压力值均处于较高水平;开工阶段、基坑阶段和主体施工阶段安全管理工作压力较大,其中钢管脚手架、起重机械、吊篮、危大工程的安全管理工作压力尤为突出。并为缓解建设单位安全经理工作压力提出了针对性建议。

In recent years,safety management has been paid more attention in construction project management.The owner has set up the"safety manager"as a new position to carry out safety management.Safety management covers the whole construction processes and involves various work tasks.Owner's safety managers take great responsibilities but lack relevant work experience,which lead to great work stress for safety managers.To reveal the level and source of work stress of owner's safety managers during the construction processes,a questionnaire survey was conducted.The mean value analysis and paired sample t-test analysis were implemented to reveal the current situation of job tasks’stress as well as the source of work stress in different construction stages.The results show that safety managers'work stress mainly originates from daily safety management activities that require professional skills,including the management of major hazards source and safety inspection;the part-time safety managers’work stress originates from both safety and non-safety management tasks.And both of them are at a high level;safety managers experienced a high level of stress in startup stage,pit foundation excavation and support stage,and main body construction stage.Specifically,the safety management of steel pipe scaffolds,cranes,hanging baskets and other dangerous sub-projects resulted in higher work stress.Subsequently,recommendations were provided for the owner to cope with work stress of safety managers.