俄罗斯汉语教育现状与发展趋势

The Status Quo and Development Trends of Chinese Language Education in Russia

目前,俄罗斯的汉语学习者超过5.6万人,俄联邦教育部门已将汉语纳入中学生国家统一考试,汉语教育在俄罗斯呈现出前所未有的发展势头,俄罗斯对汉语人才的需求也大幅上升。在俄罗斯,中小学的汉语教育已被正式纳入国民教育体系,共有24个地区40余座城市的168所中小学开设汉语课程,学习汉语的中小学生超过1.7万人。全俄培养汉语人才的高等学校共计179所,汉语作为必修课已被纳入"国外区域学""语文学"等专业的人才培养框架,学习汉语的大学生人数超过2.2万人。此外,社会培训机构、孔子学院(课堂)的汉语教育均获得长足发展,"汉语热"正逐渐演变为"中国文化热",汉语学习方式和手段呈现出多样化和现代化等发展趋势。与此同时,一路高涨的中俄经贸合作和人文交流不仅激发了俄罗斯国内汉语学习的热情,也促进了相关的语言服务需求,这一点在汉语人才培养、汉语学习政策、语言学习资源与信息平台、汉语咨询服务需求等方面均有所体现。

At present,there are more than 56,000 Chinese language learners in Russia.The Russian Federal Ministry of Education has included Chinese language in the national unified examination for middle school students.Chinese language learning has shown unprecedented development momentum in Russia,and the demand for talents Proficient in Chinese language in Russia has also increased significantly.In Russia,Chinese education in primary and secondary schools has been formally incorporated into the national education system.A total of 168 primary and secondary schools in more than 40 cities in 24 regions have set up Chinese courses,with more than 17,000 primary and secondary school students learning Chinese language.There are a total of 179 colleges and universities in Russia for cultivating talents Proficient in Chinese language.As a compulsory course,Chinese language has been included in the talent training framework for majors of"foreign regional studies"and"language".The number of college students studying Chinese language has exceeded 22,000.In addition,Chinese education in social training institutions and Confucius Institutes has made great progress."Chinese fever"is gradually evolving into"Chinese cultural fever",and Chinese learning methods and methods are showing diversification and modernization.At the same time,the rapid growth of Sino-Russian economic and trade cooperation and cultural exchanges not only stimulates the enthusiasm of Chinese language learning in Russia,but also promotes the demand for related language services,which are all reflected in the field of Chinese language personnel training,Chinese learning policies,language learning resources and information platforms,Chinese consulting services.