地板辐射供冷系统建筑空间尺寸参量对热感觉的影响

Influence of Building Space Dimension Parameters on the Thermal Sensation of Floor Radiation Cooling System

热舒适度是环境舒适度的主要方面,目前,室内环境的热舒适受到越来越多的关注,多变的建筑空间以及复杂的空调系统都会影响室内人员的热感觉,进而影响室内人员的身心健康和工作效率.由于地板辐射空调系统主要依赖辐射换热,故采用地板辐射的建筑中室内人员的热感觉与建筑空间尺寸参量之间的关系尤其值得研究.在天津大学可变建筑空间综合实验平台进行实验,实验时间是2018年9月8日-13日,供冷空调末端是地板辐射,房间底面积有6 m×6 m和12 m×12 m,房间高度有3 m、5 m、7 m和9 m,共8种实验工况.采用主观调查问卷与热环境参数测量相结合的方法,主观调查问卷包括热感觉投票和热满意率百分比,实验过程中操作温度的波动范围是22.8~26.7℃.实验结果表明,夏季采用地板辐射供冷时,建筑空间尺寸参量对地板辐射供冷下被试者的热感觉有明显影响:对比两种底面积的空间中被试者在各高度下的热感觉,发现趋于狭窄的建筑中被试者感觉更热;对比8种建筑空间中热感觉随操作温度变化的斜率,发现越是狭窄、低矮的空间,被试者对热环境的变化越敏感;被试者的热中性温度随高宽比增大而减小,即趋于扁平的建筑中被试者的热中性温度越高.这对建筑设计和空调节能都具有一定指导意义.

Thermal comfort is the main aspect of environmental comfort.At present,the thermal comfort of indoor environments is receiving increasing attention.The changeable building space and complex air-conditioning system affect the thermal sensation of occupants,thereby affecting their physical and mental health and work efficiency.Because the floor radiation air-conditioning system mainly depends on radiation heat transfer,the relationship between the thermal sensation of indoor workers and the building space dimension parameters in buildings with floor radiation is particularly worth studying.The experiment was carried out on the Comprehensive Experiment Platform of Variable Building Space of Tianjin University from September 8,2018 to September 13,2018.The cooling air-conditioning terminal is floor radiation.The floor areas of the rooms are 6 m×6 m and 12 m×12 m,and the heights of the rooms are3 m,5 m,7 m,and 9 m.There are eight kinds of experimental conditions.The subjective questionnaire is combined with the measurement of the thermal environment parameters.The subjective questionnaire includes the thermal sensation vote and percentage of thermal satisfaction.The fluctuation range of the operating temperature during the experiment is 22.8-26.7℃.The experimental results show that when floor radiation cooling is used in summer,the building space dimension parameters have a significant effect on the thermal sensation of the subjects.The comparison results of the thermal sensation of the subjects at different heights in the two kinds of floor space show that the subjects felt hotter in the buildings that tended to be narrower.Furthermore,the comparison results of the slope of the thermal sensation variation with the operating temperature in the eight building spaces show that the narrower and lower the space,the more sensitive the subjects are to the change in the thermal environment.The thermoneutral temperature of the subjects decreases with the increase of the aspect ratio.In other words,the flatter the building,the higher the thermoneutral temperature.This has certain guiding significance for building design and energy saving of air-conditioning systems.