短链脂肪酸在免疫调节和免疫相关性疾病中的作用

Progress in short-chain fatty acids in immunoregulation and diseases

短链脂肪酸(short-chain fatty acids,SCFAs)由难消化的膳食纤维在肠腔内发酵所产生,主要包括乙酸、丁酸和丙酸。SCFAs不仅可以为肠黏膜细胞储存能量、降低渗透压,维持肠道健康,更重要的是可通过激活G蛋白偶联受体和抑制组蛋白去乙酰化酶调节免疫应答,并且可抑制部分炎症因子的表达,与炎性疾病的防治有关。本文根据近年来国内外相关研究报道,综述SCFAs参与免疫调节的两种主要机制及其在临床相关疾病中的研究进展,为更好地了解SCFAs对免疫应答的影响和治疗相关疾病提供理论依据。

Short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),mainly including acetate,butyrate and propionate,are highly produced from indigestible dietary fiber in colon.SCFAs can not only store energy for intestinal mucosa cells and reduce osmotic pressure to maintain intestinal health,but also regulate the immune response by activating G-protein coupled receptors and inhibiting histone deacetylase,and inhibite the expression of some inflammatory factors.SCFAs are associated with reduced risk of various inflammatory diseases.Therefore,based on the related research reports from China and abroad,we reviewed the mechanisms of immunoregulation,as well as the progress in diseases by SCFAs in order to better understand the influences of SCFAs on immunoregulation and provide theoretical guidance for the treatment of related diseases.