便携式核事故急救箱的研制

Development of portable first aid chest for nuclear accidents

目的:研制一种便携式核事故急救箱,用于核事故现场伤员的自救互救。方法:核事故急救箱外形尺寸为360 mm×240 mm×150 mm,箱体采用5 mm防水板材,表面覆压花铝板,内衬木质纤维板,外层喷涂亚光漆。箱盖内侧设计自带照明装置,箱体内划分为急性放射病防治药放置专区和常规战伤急救药材放置区。急性放射病防治药放置区设计3个Φ50 mm孔洞和4个Φ30 mm孔洞,用于放置配备的抗放药品。结果:用该急救箱在核设施现场开展伤情模拟救治,能满足核事故现场伤员自救互救需求。结论:便携式核事故急救箱设计合理、标识清晰,能有效提高核事故现场伤员自救互救能力和存活率,具有较好的实用价值。

Objective To develop a portable first aid chest for casualty self-and buddy-aids during nuclear accidents.Methods The chest had its dimensions being 360 mm×240 mm×150 mm,whose body was made of 5 mm waterproof board with embossed aluminum plate on the surface,wood fiber board inside and matt paint outside.The inner side of the chest cover was equipped with a lighting device.The chest was divided into two medicine areas for acute radiation disease treatment and conventional war wound first aid.The medicine area for radiation disease treatment had threeΦ50 mm holes and fourΦ30 mm holes to accommodate the drugs against radiation diseases.Results Simulation trials proved that the chest met the requirements for casualty self-and buddy-aids during nuclear accidents.Conclusion The chest developed gains advantages in design and labeling,enhances the self-and buddy-aids as well as the casualty survivability during nuclear accidents relief,and thus is worthy promoting practically.