载体固定化酶的应用及前景展望

Application and Prospect of Carrier Immobilized Enzyme

载体固定化酶可以提高酶的稳定性,并可大大提高回收利用率。固定化酶的载体从传统类型向新型发展,传统类型主要是天然高分子产物,新型载体主要包括人工合成高分子材料、无机新型材料、智能型载体等。载体可通过化学或物理方法固定到酶上,化学方法主要是共价键结合法和交联法;物理方法包括吸附法、包埋法、热处理法。载体固定化酶在生物医学、食品行业、环境工程中具有广泛的应用前景,其发展将和互联网、大数据联系起来。

The carrier immobilized enzyme can improve the stability of enzyme and greatly improve the recovery rate.The carrier of immobilized enzyme develops from traditional type to new type.The traditional type is mainly natural polymer product,and the new carriers mainly include synthetic polymer materials,inorganic new materials,intelligent carriers,etc.The carrier can be chemically or physically fixed to the enzyme.The chemical methods are mainly covalent bond method and cross-linking method;the physical methods include adsorption method,embedding method and heat treatment method.Carrier immobilized enzyme has a wide application prospect in biomedicine,food industry and environmental engineering.Its development will be connected with the Internet and big data.