当代视域下马克思劳资关系思想的伦理新解

A New Ethical Interpretation on Marx’s Thought of Labor Relations in the Contemporary Perspective

马克思劳资关系思想有广义与狭义之分:广义的劳资关系指劳动者与生产资料所有者围绕劳动发生的经济关系;狭义的劳资关系指劳动者与资本所有者围绕劳动发生的经济关系。从广义看,作为生产资料所有者的资方,应是创造生产资料的劳动者,自然资源的资方应是全体国民。资本主义劳资关系是狭义劳资关系的典型形态,本质是资产阶级剥削雇佣工人的经济关系。社会主义狭义的劳资关系是人类劳资关系的新形态,本质是以“联合的劳动者”支配“联合的资本”。承认市场经济改革的必然性及其重要意义势必认可社会主义狭义劳资关系的必然性、合理性。

Marx’s thought of labor relations can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense.The broad sense of labor relations refers to the economic relations between workers and the owners of means of production around labor.The narrow sense of labor relations refers to the economic relations between workers and capital owners around labor.In a broad sense,as the owner of the means of production,the capital should be the laborer who creates the means of production,and the capital of natural resources should be all the people.Capitalist labor relationship is a typical form of narrow labor relationship,and its essence is the economic relationship in which the bourgeoisie exploits and employs workers.The narrow sense of socialist labor relations is a new form of human labor relations,whose essence is to control“joint capital”with“joint workers”.Admitting the inevitability and significance of the reform of market economy is bound to admit the inevitability and rationality of the socialist narrow sense labor relations.