精准扶贫视阈下脱贫农户脆弱性研究——以山东省A村为例

Research on the Vulnerability of Poverty-stricken Households from the Perspective of Targeted Poverty Alleviation--Take a village in Shandong Province as an Example

自实施精准扶贫政策以来,我国扶贫事业已取得举世瞩目的成就。但随着脱贫工作渐入尾声,如何保证脱贫农户能够在未来有效地应对风险,实现稳定脱贫,成为当前的研究热点。为研究脱贫农户应对风险冲击的可能,在借鉴英国国际发展署(DFID)建立的可持续生计分析框架的基础上,对山东省R市A村脱贫人口的生计状况展开调查,调查结果表明已脱贫农户仍然存在着较高的脆弱性。结合R市不同层级政府对扶贫政策的具体落实情况,进一步从贫困识别和退出机制不完善、扶贫缺乏长效机制建设以及扶贫忽视联动治理效用三个方面对脱贫农户的高脆弱性进行了原因剖析,并有针对性地提出了相应的解决措施。

Since the implementation of the targeted poverty alleviation policy,China has made remarkable achievements.However,as the poverty alleviation work is coming to an end,how to make sure that farmers already out of poverty can effectively deal with future risks and achieve stable poverty alleviation has become a hot research topic.Based on the sustainable livelihood analysis framework established by the Department for International Development(DFID),this paper investigates the livelihood of the poverty-stricken people in A village of R city,Shandong Province,in order to study the possibility of poverty-stricken rural households coping with risk shocks.Combined with the specific implementation of poverty alleviation policies by different levels of government in R city,this paper further analyzes the reasons for the high vulnerability of poverty-stricken peasant households from three aspects,namely,the imperfect poverty identification and exit mechanism,the lack of long-term poverty alleviation mechanism construction,and the neglect of the joint governance effect of poverty alleviation.Based on the situation,the corresponding solutions are proposed.