住院患者医院感染现患率调查及抗菌药物使用情况分析

Investigation on the Prevalence of Nosocomial Infection in Hospitalized Patients and Analysis of Antibacterial Use

目的对某县级三级医院2014—2018年住院患者医院感染现患率调查结果及抗菌药物使用情况进行分析,为促进抗菌药物的合理使用和有效预防医院感染提供科学依据。方法采用横断面调查的方法,利用床旁调查和病历查阅相结合的方式对某县级三级医院2014—2018年每年8月所有住院患者进行医院感染现患率的调查,对调查结果进行统计分析。结果连续5年共调查2492例住院患者,发生医院感染46例,感染例次47例,医院感染现患率1.85%,感染例次率1.89%,以重症医学科、脑外科和骨外科高发,感染部位以下呼吸道多见,其次是手术部位和泌尿道,分别占34.78%、19.57%、17.39%。抗菌药物平均使用率为33.87%,以一联用药为主,治疗性使用抗菌药物占89.45%。使用抗菌药物患者病原学送检率为66.58%。结论该医院近5年医院感染的现患率、抗菌药物使用及病原学送检率在控制指标范围内,但抗菌药物的使用合理性还有待提高。

Objective In order to providing scientifc basis for promoting rational application of antibacterials and effectively preventing of nosocomial infections,to analyze the survey results of prevenlence rate of nosocomial infections and antibacterial use in a county-level tertiary hospital from 2014 to 2018.Methods A cross-sectional survey method was used to investigate the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in inpatients in every August form 2014 to 2018,by combining bedside survey and medical record survey,and made statistical analysis of the survey results.Results In 5 years form 2014 to 2018,2492 inpatients were investigated in total.46 cases of nosocomial infections and 47 cases of infections were reported.The prevalence of nosocomial infections was 1.85%and the incidence of infections was 1.89%.The incidence wsa high in the department of ICU,cerebral surgery and bone surgery,Mostly,infection site was lower respectively tract,which followed by surgical site and urinary tract,accounting for 34.78%,19.57%,and 17.39%,respectively.The average use rate of antibacterial drugs is 33.87%,mainly in combination,and the use of therapeutic antibacterial drugs accounts for 89.45%.The etiological examination rate of patients was 66.58%.Conclusion The prevalence of nosocomial infection,the use of antibiotics and the rate of pathogens in the hospital in the past five years are within the control index,but the rationality of the use of antibiotics needs to be improved.