我国终身教育立法的特点、偏差与改进——基于地方立法文本的分析

The Progress,Deviation and Improvement of the Value Orientation of Lifelong Education Legislation in China——Analysis Based on Local Legislative Texts

为完善我国地方层面终身教育立法,推进国家层面终身教育的立法进程,将福建、宁波、上海、河北、太原五地的终身教育立法文本内容作为研究对象,以我国终身教育立法进程为切入点进行探索分析,研究发现,当前我国地方终身教育立法表现出四个方面的价值取向:立足工作实际,普遍着力于“学校外”教育;坚持以人为本,突出对弱势群体学习权利的保障;体现大教育理念,强调整合各方资源;回应现实需求,注重立法的实用性和可操作性。我国终身教育立法的特色与成效显著:明确了实践工作的具体范围,理顺了管理机制和管理职能,提供了财政支持和相关保障,指明了资源整合的基本方向,但依然存在终身教育内涵狭隘化、政府与非政府角色失衡、硬性约束条款缺乏等问题。展望未来,我国终身教育立法还需回归终身教育理念导向,提升立法宗旨;恪守终身教育的核心内涵,拓宽立法的适用范围;提高立法专业性,确实保证立法有效性。

In order to improve the legislation of lifelong education at the local level and promote the legislative process of lifelong education at the national level,this paper takes the legislative texts of lifelong education in Fujian,Ningbo,Shanghai,Hebei and Taiyuan as the research object,and explores and analyzes the legislative process of lifelong education in China as the starting point.It is found that the current legislation of local lifelong education in China shows four value orientations:based on the actual work,generally focusing on“out-of-school”education;adhere to the people-oriented,highlighting the protection of the right to study for vulnerable groups;reflect the concept of big education,emphasizing the integration of resources;respond to the real needs,paying attention to the practicality and operability of legislation.At the same time,the characteristics and results of China’s legislation on lifelong education are remarkable:it clarifies the specific scope of practical work,straightens out the management mechanism and functions,provides financial support and relevant guarantees,and indicates the basic direction of resource integration.However,there are still some problems,such as the narrow connotation of lifelong education,the imbalance between the role of government and non-government,and the lack of rigid restrictive clauses.Looking into the future,China’s legislation on lifelong education needs to return to the guidance of the concept of lifelong education and improve the purpose of legislation.Abide by the core connotation of lifelong education and broaden the scope of application of legislation;improve the professionalism of legislation to ensure the effectiveness of legislation.