新时代教育扶贫政策的实践困境与治理路径——基于全国187个村庄的调查

Research on the Practical Dilemma and Governance Path of Poverty Alleviation Policy in Education in the New Era——Based on Survey Data from 187 Villages across the Country

教育扶贫是脱贫攻坚的重要路径,该政策在取得一定成就的同时也面临着实践困境。对全国187个村庄的教育扶贫调查显示,教育扶贫政策的力度明显、供给尚可,且收到了一定的成效和好评,但帮扶农户的需求不足、参与有限问题不容忽视。深入分析可知政策与贫困户、执行者之间存在张力:一是教育扶贫政策属性与贫困户需求的矛盾,二是教育扶贫政策实施与农户认知的矛盾,三是教育扶贫政策执行与考评体系的矛盾。要助力教育扶贫行之有效,应树立分类治理思维使得政策投递更为精准,加大“扶知”的力度激发帮扶群众主动了解、接受政策的意识,同时制定兼顾针对性、整体性、多样性和可操作性的考评机制。

Poverty alleviation through education is an important way to get rid of poverty.While making certain achievements,this policy is also facing practical difficulties.Based on the survey of poverty alleviation through education in 187 villages in China,and using Spss statistical analysis,it is found that the policy of poverty alleviation through education is obvious.However,the lack of demand and limited participation in helping farmers can not be ignored.Through in-depth analysis,we can see that there is a tension between the policy and the poor households and the executors:the contradiction between the attribute of the education poverty alleviation policy and the needs of the poor households;the contradiction between the implementation of education poverty alleviation policy and the evaluation system.Therefore,it is necessary to set up classified governance thinking to make policy delivery more accurate,and increase the intensity of“supporting knowledge”to stimulate the consciousness of helping the masses to actively understand and accept the policy.At the same time,develop an evaluation mechanism that takes into account of pertinence,integrity,diversity and maneuverability.