复混基质理化特性及其对南疆日光温室番茄生长的影响

Physicochemical Properties of Mixed Matrix and Its Effect on Tomato Growth in Solar Greenhouse in Southern Xinjiang

为了探究一种适宜南疆日光温室蔬菜栽培的复混基质。以蛭石、粗砂、树叶、菇渣、锯末5种材料为试材,按不同体积比设置10种配方,以粗砂基质为对照,进行番茄栽培试验,通过对基质的理化性质、根区环境参数(温度、湿度)和番茄生长、生物量指标的测定。结果表明,与CK相比,10个复混处理基质的理化性质均优于CK,T4与T6处理表现最佳;根区温度T6表现最优,较CK提高了2.38℃;T8保水能力最好,平均含水量较CK提高了11.58%;植株生物量综合表现最好的为T6。综合对比认为,复混基质因其相对理想的理化性质,改善了根际生长环境,有利于番茄根系的扩展延伸,对番茄的生长有一定的促进作用。

In order to explore a compound matrix suitable for vegetable cultivation in solar greenhouse in Southern Xinjiang,vermiculite,coarse sand,leaves,mushroom residue and sawdust were used as test materials,10 formulations were set according to different volume ratios,and the coarse sand matrix was used as control for tomato cultivation experiments.The physicochemical properties of the matrix,the environmental parameters(temperature and humidity)of the root zone,and the indexes of tomato growth and biomass were determined.The result showed that compared with CK,the physical and chemical properties of the 10 complex mixing matrices were superior to CK,and the T4 and T6 treatments had the best performance.The temperature in the root region was T6,which was 2.38℃higher than that of CK.T8 had the best water retention capacity,and the average water content was 11.58%higher than CK.The best comprehensive performance of plant biomass was T6.The comprehensive comparison showed that the remixed matrix,due to its relatively ideal physical and chemical properties,improved the rhizosphere growth environment,facilitated the extension of tomato roots,and promoted the growth of tomato to some extent.