对保单现金价值强制执行冲突的调和

Conflict and Reconciliation of Policy Cash Value Enforcement

在债务纠纷高企的执行压力背景下,债权人向法院申请强制执行债务人的人寿保单案例日趋增多。对保单现金价值能否作为执行标的以及如何执行,已公布的案例数据揭示了执行结果的差异化分布样态。这些充满矛盾与冲突的执行现状,从表面上看是由于目前缺乏明确统一的执行规范,导致了保单执行认知的各行其是与法律适用的自由裁量,但实则反映了人寿保单投资理财与风险保障的功能定位与法律价值导向的分野与偏差。为平抑日渐增长的强制执行矛盾和冲突,除了尽快制定权威的人寿保单执行规范指引外,司法行政机关还必须坚持贯彻合法有据、利益平衡以及禁止恶意避债等民事执行基本原则,才能从根本上解决我国转型时期复合财产类型不断增加与强制执行刚性约束之间的张力矛盾。

Against the backdrop of high enforcement pressure on debt disputes,the number of cases in which creditors have applied to the courts to enforce the debtor's life insurance policies is increasing.As to whether the policy cash value can be used as the execution target and how to execute it,the published case data reveals the differentiated distribution of execution results.On the surface,these contradictory and conflicting implementation status quo are due to the lack of a clear and uniform enforcement standard,which has led to various cognitions of policy execution,which are in accordance with the discretion of the law,but actually reflects the life insurance policy investment financing and risk protection.The division and deviation between functional orientation and legal value orientation.In order to alleviate the growing contradictions and conflicts in enforcement,in addition to formulating authoritative guidelines for the implementation of life insurance policies as soon as possible,judicial administrative agencies must adhere to the basic principles of civil execution,such as legal evidence,balance of interests,and prohibition of malicious debt avoidance.The above resolves the tension between the increasing type of composite property and the enforcement of rigid constraints during the transition period in China.