“双一流”的隐义:一流高等教育体系建设

The Implicit Meaning of Double First-Class Construction: Constructing the First-Class Higher Education System

教育理论界对高等教育多持系统论的观点,强调大众化时代高等教育系统内部的多元形态和结构优化,这些理论洞见具有指导价值。将"双一流"建设战略置于教育领域综合改革和国家治理体系与能力现代化的改革框架中考察,有必要重视一流大学、一流学科建设与其所置身的一流高等教育体系建设之间的依存关系,以克服过于强调战略重点可能导致的对全局的忽视或轻视。在地方层面,应鼓励政府在落实"双一流"建设的同时对其予以必要的延展,着力建设区域一流高等教育体系。相应的着力点包括确立基于系统论和生态论的高等教育发展观、加强区域高等教育整体规划、建立不同高等教育板块的相对均衡型投资机制、健全高校和学科的分类管理与分类评价机制,以及营造准市场化甚至市场化的高等教育发展环境。

The view of system theory for higher education among educationists, which places emphasis on the multiple trends and structural optimization in higher education system, is of great theoretical significance for us in the era of popularization. If the "double first-class" construction strategy is put into the framework of comprehensive educational reform and the modernization of national governance system and capacity, it is necessary to attach importance to the interdependence between the construction of first-class universities and disciplines and the construction of first-class higher education system, which could make us overcome the overemphasis on strategic priorities. At the local level, the government should be encouraged to appropriately expand the construction of "double first-class" while carrying it out, and focus on the construction of regional first-class higher education system. The corresponding points of focus should include setting up the development concept of higher education based on system theory and ecological theory, strengthening the development plan of regional higher education, constructing relatively balanced investment mechanisms for different higher education sectors, adopting the classification management and evaluation mechanism of universities and disciplines, and creating a market-oriented environment for regional higher education development.