电石遇潮湿空气易燃危险性的评估方法及预防措施研究

Study on Assessment Methods and Preventive Measures for Inflammable Risk of Calcium Carbide in WetAir

针对电石遇潮湿空气释放乙炔的危险特性,以潮湿空气与电石粉尘及电石粉尘堆垛表面接触的方式,替代传统的遇湿易燃危险性测试方法,拟合得到了乙炔气体释放速率随潮湿空气相对湿度变化的方程式,提出了将乙炔气体浓度控制在低于发生火灾爆炸危险区域的潮湿空气相对湿度和稀释乙炔气体浓度的氮气保护进气流量(Q)计算公式。结果表明:电石遇潮湿空气释放乙炔气体的浓度受温度和相对湿度的影响,根据不同温度条件下潮湿空气中水汽的分压(Ps)和乙炔气体的密度(ρ乙炔),可计算得到一定气相空间内电石遇潮湿空气释放乙炔气体的浓度;潮湿空气的相对湿度可以有效表征乙炔气体的释放量,用于评估在一定气相空间内电石遇潮湿空气释放乙炔气体发生火灾爆炸的可能性。

In order to evaluate the inflammable risk of calcium carbide in contact with moist air,the traditional method of testing flammable gases in contact with water was replaced by using moist air in contact with calcium carbide dust and calcium carbide stacking surface,the equation of acetylene gas release rate with the relative humidity of moist air was obtained,and the calculation formulas of relative humidity of moist air and protective nitrogen flow rate( Q) at risk of fire and explosion were put forward.The results show that the concentration of acetylene gas released from the calcium carbide in contact with the moist air is affected by temperature and relative humidity.It is possible to calculate the concentration of acetylene gas in the gas space depending on the partial pressure( Ps) of the moisture in the moist air under different temperature conditions and the density of acetylene( ρ乙炔),relative humidity of moist air can effectively characterize the release amount of acetylene gas,and can be used to assess the possibility for fire explosion risk of calcium carbide in contact with moist air.