368例输入性疟疾的临床分析

Clinical analysis of imported malaria in 368 cases

目的分析输入性疟疾患者的流行病学和临床特点,为临床诊治提供参考。方法对本院2007年1月-2019年12月收治的368例输入性疟疾患者的流行病学及临床特征进行回顾性分析。结果368例输入性疟疾病例均为非洲输入,所有患者均经实验室检查明确诊断。其中,恶性疟103例,间日疟95例,卵形疟31例,三日疟112,混合感染27例;男性366例(99.5%);所有患者均有畏寒、发热症状;97.6%的病例在发病后5 d内确诊,并得到及时诊治;所有收治的患者中,治愈364例(98.9%)、死亡4例(1.1%)。予以蒿甲醚加大剂量加大疗程治疗,无明显副作用。结论临床医生应警惕输入性疟疾的病例,做到早期诊断,及时治疗,改善预后。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of imported malaria for evidence in clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed regarding the epidemiological and clinical characteristics in 368 cases of imported malaria admitted to and treated in our hospital between January 2007 and December 2019.Results The 368 patients were imported malaria from African counties,and diagnosed by laboratory examination,in whom 103 were infected with Plasmodium falciparum,95 with Plasmodium vivax,31 with Plasmodium ovale,112 with Plasmodium malariae and another 27 with mixed infection.366 cases were males(99.5%).All patients had symptoms of chills and fever.97.6%of the patients were diagnosed within 5 days after onset,and received timely treatment.364 patients were cured(98.9%),and death occurred in 4(1.1%).Artemtherin was administered in increased dose and prolonged course without obvious adverse effects.Conclusion Clinicians should be alert to cases of imported malaria.Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can improve the prognosis of patients.