福柯权力视域下的《星期六》解读

An Interpretation of Saturday with Foucault's Power Theory

伊恩·麦克尤恩的作品《星期六》呈现出不同权力和话语的交锋。贝罗安利用权力凝视策略来构建自身权威,通过医学话语来劝阻巴克斯特的施暴行为,约翰以男权压迫孙女的女性意识和自由,显现出知识话语对人的道德规训;贝罗安与西奥、施特劳斯开展政治谈论,在博物馆面对首相失声,突显权力话语对个体的政治规训;黛西与贝罗安争辩伊拉克战争的合法性,是女性和男性话语的对立,隐喻欧美对中东地区的政治压制,折射出西方国家操控权力,实施帝国霸权和文化扩张的本质,体现西方社会对伊斯兰国家的文化规训。本文以福柯理论解读《星期六》中多元化权力场域,揭示权力话语运用政治、道德及文化合谋对人和社会实施多重规训,折射出麦克尤恩对现代社会人的生存处境的思索。

Ian McEwan's Saturday illustrates the clashes of different powers and discourses.Perowne makes use of the power gaze strategy to establish his authority,and employs medical discourse to prevent Baxter from imposing violence.With male power,Grammaticus oppresses his granddaughter's female consciousness and freedom,which shows the moral discipline of knowledge discourse on man.Perowne makes political discussions with Theo and Strauss,and has no possibility to speak in the face of the prime minister in the museum,which highlights the political discipline of power discourse on individuals.Daisy and Perowne argue the legitimacy of the Iraq war,which represents the opposition between female and male discourse,the political repression of the Western countries on the Middle East,reflecting that the West manipulates the power to implement its imperial hegemony and cultural expansion.It shows the cultural discipline of the Western countries on Islamic country.By applying Foucault's theory to show the fields of powers inS aturday,this paper reveals that the power discourse uses the collusion between the politics,morality and culture to implement multiple disciplines on human and society,which reflects McEwan's consideration for man's survival in modern society.