广西企沙港沉积物重金属污染现状及潜在生态风险评价

采集了企沙港海域13个表层沉积物并对其中的Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd、Hg、As重金属元素进行含量测试。采用单因子污染系数、综合污染指数对其污染程度进行了评价,并采用Hakanson潜在生态风险系数及其指数法评价了沉积物中重金属综合污染效应。结果表明:企沙港海域沉积物中各种重金属含量均低于国家海洋沉积物质量第一类标准。各种重金属污染程度从高到低排序:Cu>Pb>Cd>Zn>Hg>As。从综合污染指数可以看出,企沙港海域各站位综合污染水平为低到较高污染,各种重金属综合污染指数平均值为8.67,属于中污染。企沙港海域沉积物中的各种重金属对其海洋生态系统的影响相对较低,各种重金属的潜在生态风险程度从高到低排序:Cd>Hg>Cu>Pb>As>Zn;整个企沙港海域各种重金属潜在生态风险指数RI平均值为120.10,由总潜在生态风险指数分级来看,其属于低潜在生态风险。

The contents of Zn,Cu,Pb,Cd,Hg and As in 13 surface sediments of Qisha Port were measured.The pollution degree was evaluated by single factor pollution coefficient and comprehensive pollution index,and the comprehensive pollution effect of heavy metals in sediment was evaluated by Hakanson potential ecological risk coefficient and its index method.The results show that the contents of heavy metals in the sea sediment of Qisha Port are lower than the first standard of national marine sediment quality.The order of pollution degree of heavy metals from high to low:Cu>Pb>Cd>Zn>Hg>As.It can be seen from the comprehensive pollution index that the comprehensive pollution level of each station in the sea area of Qisha Port is from low to high,and the average value of the comprehensive pollution index of various heavy metals is 8.67,which belongs to medium pollution.The impact of various heavy metals in the sediment of Qisha Port on its marine ecosystem is relatively low,and the order of potential ecological risk degree of various heavy metals is from high to low:Cd>Hg>Cu>Pb>As>Zn;The average value of potential ecological risk index of various heavy metals in the whole sea area of Qisha Port is 120.10,which belongs to low potential ecological risk according to the classification of total potential ecological risk index.