体外冲击波治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的研究进展

The Research Progress of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

股骨头缺血性坏死作为现代骨科的常见病之一,可由创伤性或非创伤性因素引起。其属于慢性进展性疾病,致残率较高。随着病情的发展,从最初的无症状或轻度不适感到最终关节活动受限,甚至关节功能丧失,造成患者生活质量严重下降。股骨头缺血性坏死应做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗,避免病情进一步发展,从而保留和改善自身关节功能和形态。因此,如何有效治疗股骨头缺血性坏死成为了骨科医生关注的问题。近年来,因体外冲击波具有高能量性、非侵入性、重建性、不良反应少的优点而被尝试应用于股骨头缺血性坏死的治疗,并取得了良好的效果。本文就目前体外冲击波在治疗股骨头缺血性坏死方面的作用机制和治疗效果做一综述。

As one of the common diseases in modern orthopaedics,osteonecrosis of the femoral head can be caused by traumatic or non-traumatic factors.It belongs to chronic progressive disease and has a high disability rate.With the progress of the disease,from the initial asymptomatic or mild discomfort to the final joint movement constraints,and even the loss of joint function,resulting in serious decline in the quality of life of patients.Osteonecrosis of the femoral head should be early detected,early diagnosed,early treated,so as to avoid the further development,retain and improve joint function and shape.Therefore,how to effectively treat osteonecrosis of the femoral head has become a more concerned problem for orthopedic surgeons.In recent years,extracorporeal shock wave has been used in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head because of the advantages of high energy,non-invasive,reconstruction and less side effects,and achieved good results.In this paper,the mechanism and therapeutic effect of extracorporeal shock wave in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head are reviewed.