刑事诉讼中强制医疗程序的立法缺陷及其完善

The Legislative Defects and Improvement of Compulsory Medicare Procedures in Criminal Proceedings

刑事诉讼中的强制医疗是针对实施了暴力行为却不负刑事责任的精神病人采取的一项强制医疗措施。目前实施该措施存在的问题主要有:适用对象过于狭窄;前置鉴定程序混乱;审前采取的临时保护性约束措施规定不明确;审理程序不够具体;执行程序缺乏更细致的规定;监管缺失等。针对前述有关法律规定的缺陷,应扩大强制医疗程序的适用对象,明确临时保护性约束措施的适用条件和期限,实现精神疾病鉴定程序具体化,完善强制医疗审理程序,提高强制医疗的执行力并加强监管与监督。

Compulsory medical care in criminal proceedings is a compulsory medical measure taken against mental patients who have committed violent acts but do not bear criminal responsibility.At present,the main problems in implementing this measure are:the overly narrow scope of application;the confusion in pre-identification procedures;the ambiguity of provisions regarding temporary protective or restraint measures taken before the trial;the indeterminacy of trial procedures;the lack of more detailed regulations in implementation;the lack of supervision,et cetera.In response to the legal deficiencies of the aforementioned,we suggest:the scope of application of compulsory medicare procedures should be expanded;the conditions and duration of temporary protective or restraint measures should be clarified;the identification procedures for psychiatric illnesses should be put into place;the procedures for compulsory medical trials should be improved;and the implementation capacity and supervision of compulsory medical care should be reinforced.