艺术教育的本质及文化观念

The Essence and Cultural Concept of Art Education

艺术教育中的文化观念主要体现在三个方面,即对文化的理性认知、文化的"人学"性质以及文化与人的互化关系。文化的理性认知涉及的是文化哲学,它构成对文化认知的思想观念及由此而形成的价值判断;文化的"人学"性质,主要阐释人作为文化生成的主体作用和意义,以及人的社会本质和属性;文化与人的互化关系,即人创造文化,文化反过来塑造人,即文化"内化"与"外化"的辩证统一,它是文化作用于人的根本存在方式,也是艺术教育的根本目的。文化观念决定了文化的发展方向和价值观,以文化观念作为思想基础的艺术创作,体现了文化深层结构的价值取向,以此为基础,构筑现代艺术教育的人才培养体系、文化传播方式,传承人类优秀文化遗产,建构文化开放和交流的平台,以文化自信心建构中国特色社会主义艺术教育体系的整体结构。

The cultural concept in art education is mainly embodied in three aspects,that is,the rational cognition of culture,the nature of"human learning"of culture and the relationship between culture and human beings.The ra-tional cognition of culture involves the philosophy of culture,which constitutes the ideology of cultural cognition andthe value judgment resulting from it.The nature of"human learning"of culture mainly explains the role and meaning of human being as the main body of culture generation,as well as the social essence and attribute of human being.The relationship between culture and people,that is,people create culture,culture in turn shapes people,that is,the dialectical unity of"internalization"and"externalization"of culture,which is the fundamental way for culture toact on human beings and the fundamental purpose of art education.Cultural concept determines the direction and val-ues of cultural development,and the artistic creation based on cultural concept reflects the value orientation of thedeep structure of culture.On this basis,we should construct the personnel training system,the way of cultural com-munication,inherit the outstanding cultural heritage of mankind,construct the platform of cultural opening and ex-change,and construct the whole structure of socialist art education system with Chinese characteristics with culturalself-confidence.